Benchmarking Linux Performance
CPU Performance
To run a single-thread benchmark:
7z b -mmt1
or
/usr/bin/time -f "Elapsed: %es, CPU: %P" bash -c "cat</dev/urandom|head -c 1G|gzip>/dev/null"
To run a multi-thread benchmark:
7z b
or
/usr/bin/time -f "Elapsed: %es, CPU: %P" bash -c "cat</dev/urandom|head -c 1G|pigz>/dev/null"
Examples:
alex@exi > 7z b
7-Zip 23.01 (x64) : Copyright (c) 1999-2023 Igor Pavlov : 2023-06-20
64-bit locale=en_US.UTF-8 Threads:12 OPEN_MAX:1024
Compiler: 13.2.0 GCC 13.2.0: SSE2
Linux : 6.8.0-45-generic : #45-Ubuntu SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Fri Aug 30 12:02:04 UTC 2024 : x86_64
PageSize:4KB THP:madvise hwcap:2 hwcap2:2
12th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-12400F (90672)
1T CPU Freq (MHz): 2733 4345 4370 4382 4384 4374 4313
6T CPU Freq (MHz): 594% 3950 597% 3957
RAM size: 15702 MB, # CPU hardware threads: 12
RAM usage: 2669 MB, # Benchmark threads: 12
Compressing | Decompressing
Dict Speed Usage R/U Rating | Speed Usage R/U Rating
KiB/s % MIPS MIPS | KiB/s % MIPS MIPS
22: 63061 1058 5800 61346 | 457706 1177 3316 39028
23: 61834 1105 5703 63002 | 453667 1182 3319 39245
24: 59797 1114 5773 64294 | 447767 1184 3319 39289
25: 58003 1117 5930 66227 | 438619 1181 3304 39026
---------------------------------- | ------------------------------
Avr: 60674 1098 5801 63717 | 449440 1181 3314 39147
Tot: 1140 4558 51432
or
alex@exi > /usr/bin/time -f "Elapsed: %es, CPU: %P" bash -c "cat</dev/urandom|head -c 1G|gzip > /dev/null"
Elapsed: 22.95s, CPU: 115%
alex@exi > /usr/bin/time -f "Elapsed: %es, CPU: %P" bash -c "cat</dev/urandom|head -c 1G|pigz > /dev/null"
Elapsed: 3.16s, CPU: 879%
alex@exi > /usr/bin/time -f "Elapsed: %es, CPU: %P" bash -c "cat</dev/urandom|head -c 10G|pigz > /dev/null"
Elapsed: 31.39s, CPU: 880%
Disk Performance
This speed-test.sh is based on dd:
> ./speed-test.sh
Writing to /tmp...
1+0 records in
1+0 records out
1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB, 1.0 GiB) copied, 1.06011 s, 1.0 GB/s
Reading from /tmp...
1+0 records in
1+0 records out
1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB, 1.0 GiB) copied, 0.436509 s, 2.5 GB/s
Benchmarking CPU...
1+0 records in
1+0 records out
1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB, 1.0 GiB) copied, 1.90138 s, 565 MB/s
cd573cfaace07e7949bc0c46028904ff -
Apparently using dd is a bad
idea.
fio: man page, docs, examples from repo, example use
> ./fio-test.sh
Random Read/Write Test
[sudo] password for alex:
test: (g=0): rw=randrw, bs=(R) 4096B-4096B, (W) 4096B-4096B, (T) 4096B-4096B, ioengine=libaio, iodepth=64
fio-3.16
Starting 1 process
test: Laying out IO file (1 file / 1024MiB)
Jobs: 1 (f=1)
test: (groupid=0, jobs=1): err= 0: pid=324881: Mon Apr 4 06:29:14 2022
read: IOPS=69.5k, BW=272MiB/s (285MB/s)(768MiB/2826msec)
bw ( KiB/s): min=262520, max=317936, per=100.00%, avg=279023.20, stdev=22286.14, samples=5
iops : min=65630, max=79484, avg=69755.80, stdev=5571.54, samples=5
write: IOPS=23.2k, BW=90.7MiB/s (95.1MB/s)(256MiB/2826msec); 0 zone resets
bw ( KiB/s): min=86272, max=106216, per=100.00%, avg=93109.40, stdev=7634.07, samples=5
iops : min=21568, max=26554, avg=23277.20, stdev=1908.59, samples=5
cpu : usr=17.45%, sys=31.08%, ctx=128123, majf=0, minf=9
IO depths : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=0.1%, >=64=100.0%
submit : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
complete : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.1%, >=64=0.0%
issued rwts: total=196498,65646,0,0 short=0,0,0,0 dropped=0,0,0,0
latency : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=64
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
READ: bw=272MiB/s (285MB/s), 272MiB/s-272MiB/s (285MB/s-285MB/s), io=768MiB (805MB), run=2826-2826msec
WRITE: bw=90.7MiB/s (95.1MB/s), 90.7MiB/s-90.7MiB/s (95.1MB/s-95.1MB/s), io=256MiB (269MB), run=2826-2826msec
Disk stats (read/write):
nvme0n1: ios=183808/61434, merge=31/9, ticks=157613/607, in_queue=158222, util=96.50%