ip
IP queries
| SubCommand | Tasks |
|---|---|
| addr | Display IP Addresses and property information (abbreviation of address) |
ip addr |
Show information for all addresses |
ip addr show dev em1 |
Display information only for device em1 |
| link | Manage and display the state of all network interfaces |
ip link |
Show information for all interfaces |
ip link show dev em1 |
Display information only for device em1 |
ip -s link |
Display interface statistics |
| route | Display and alter the routing table |
ip route |
List all of the route entries in the kernel |
| maddr | Manage and display multicast IP addresses |
ip maddr |
Display multicast information for all devices |
ip maddr show dev em1 |
Display multicast information for device em1 |
| neigh | Show neighbour objects; also known as the ARP table for IPv4 |
ip neigh |
Display neighbour objects |
ip neigh show dev em1 |
Show the ARP cache for device em1 |
| help | Display a list of commands and arguments for each subcommand |
ip help |
Display ip commands and arguments |
ip addr help |
Display address commands and arguments |
ip link help |
Display link commands and arguments |
ip neigh help |
Display neighbour commands and arguments |
MultiCast Addressing
| SubCommand | Tasks |
|---|---|
| maddr add | Add a static link-layer multicast address |
| ip maddr add 33:33:00:00:00:01 dev em1 | Add mutlicast address 33:33:00:00:00:01 to em1 |
| maddr del | Delete a multicast address |
| ip maddr del 33:33:00:00:00:01 dev em1 | Delete address 33:33:00:00:00:01 from em1 |
Managing Address
| SubCommand | Tasks |
|---|---|
| addr add | Add an address |
| ip addr add 192.168.1.1/24 dev em1 | Add address 192.168.1.1 with netmask 24 to device em1 |
| addr del | Delete an address |
| ip addr del 192.168.1.1/24 dev em1 | Remove address 192.168.1.1/24 from device em1 |
Managing Link
| SubCommand | Tasks |
|---|---|
| link set | Alter the status of the interface |
| ip link set em1 up | Bring em1 online |
| ip link set em1 down | Bring em1 offline |
| ip link set em1 mtu 9000 | Set the MTU on em1 to 9000 |
| ip link set em1 promisc on | Enable promiscuous mode for em1 |
Managing Routes
| SubCommand | Tasks |
|---|---|
| route add | Add an entry to the routing table |
| ip route add default via 192.168.1.1 dev em1 | Add a default route (for all addresses) via the local gateway 192.168.1.1 that can be reached on device em1 |
| ip route add 192.168.1.0/24 via 192.168.1.1 | Add a route to 192.168.1.0/24 via the gateway at 192.168.1.1 |
| ip route add 192.168.1.0/24 dev em1 | Add a route to 192.168.1.0/24 that can be reached on device em1 |
| route delete | Delete a routing table entry |
| ip route delete 192.168.1.0/24 via 192.168.1.1 | Delete the route for 192.168.1.0/24 via the gateway at 192.168.1.1 |
| route replace | Replace, or add if not defined, a route |
| ip route replace 192.168.1.0/24 dev em1 | Replace the defined route for 192.168.1.0/24 to use device em1 |
| route get | Display the route an address will take |
| ip route get 192.168.1.5 | Display the route taken for IP 192.168.1.5 |
Managing Routes
| SubCommand | Tasks |
|---|---|
| neigh add | Add an entry to the ARP Table |
| ip neigh add 192.168.1.1 lladdr 1:2:3:4:5:6 dev em1 | Add address 192.168.1.1 with MAC 1:2:3:4:5:6 to em1 |
| neigh del | Invalidate an entry |
| ip neigh del 192.168.1.1 dev em1 | Invalidate the entry for 192.168.1.1 on em1 |
| neigh replace | Replace, or adds if not defined, an entry to the ARP table |
| ip neigh replace 192.168.1.1 lladdr 1:2:3:4:5:6 dev em1 | Replace the entry for address 192.168.1.1 to use MAC 1:2:3:4:5:6 on em1 |
Net-tools vs. IP commands
| SubCommand | Tasks |
|---|---|
| Net-tools command | IP commands |
| arp -a | ip neigh |
| arp -v | ip -s neigh |
| arp -s 192.168.1.1 1:2:3:4:5:6 | ip neigh add 192.168.1.1 lladdr 1:2:3:4:5:6 dev eth1 |
| arp -i eth1 -d 192.168.1.1 | ip neigh del 192.168.1.1 dev eth1 |
| ifconfig -a | ip addr |
| ifconfig eth0 down | ip link set eth0 down |
| ifconfig eth0 up | ip link set eth0 up |
| ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.1 | ip addr add 192.168.1.1/24 dev eth0 |
| ifconfig eth0 netmask 255.255.255.0 | ip addr add 192.168.1.1/24 dev eth0 |
| ifconfig eth0 mtu 9000 | ip link set eth0 mtu 9000 |
| ifconfig eth0:0 192.168.1.2 | ip addr add 192.168.1.2/24 dev eth0 |
| netstat | ss |
| netstat -neopa | ss -neopa |
| netstat -g | ip maddr |
| route | ip route |
| route add -net 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 dev eth0 | ip route add 192.168.1.0/24 dev eth0 |
| route add default gw 192.168.1.1 | ip route add default via 192.168.1.1 |